Where CAR-T works today — and where it is heading. Most approved uses are in blood cancers; solid tumors remain an active research frontier.
CAR-T's most established successes are in B-cell malignancies (via CD19) and multiple myeloma (via BCMA).
CD19 CAR-T has transformed outcomes in relapsed/refractory B-ALL, including children and young adults who relapsed after standard therapy.
The largest approved CAR-T field: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular, mantle cell and transformed lymphomas after prior lines fail.
BCMA-targeted CAR-T offers deep responses for patients whose myeloma relapsed after multiple prior therapies.
CD19 is present on most B cells and B-cell tumors. CD19 CAR-T treats B-ALL and a broad range of B-cell lymphomas. Because it also affects healthy B cells, patients may need immunoglobulin monitoring.
BCMA is highly expressed on myeloma cells. BCMA CAR-T has produced notable responses in heavily pre-treated myeloma, including patients who failed many prior lines.
CAR-T for solid cancers faces extra challenges — tumor heterogeneity, a hostile tumor microenvironment, and identifying truly tumor-specific targets. Progress is being made through clinical trials.
Claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T is among the most advanced solid-tumor programs, studied in gastric and pancreatic cancers.
GPC3-targeted CAR-T is being explored for hepatocellular carcinoma in trials.
EGFRvIII, GD2 and other targets are under investigation for glioblastoma and neuroblastoma.
The diagnosis and how many prior treatments you have had determine which CAR-T product and indication may apply.
Adequate heart, lung, liver and kidney function, and ability to tolerate lymphodepletion, are assessed.
Controllable disease burden and overall fitness for the collection, manufacturing and monitoring process are reviewed.